3/6/2023 0 Comments Reading a vernier caliperMean diameter (D) = 2.29 cm Radius of the cylinder (r ) = D/2 = 2.29 /2 = 1.145 cm Area of the cross-section of solid cylinder = π r² =3.14 (1.145)² cm² Area of the cross-section of the solid cylinder will be =4. No of vernier divisions coinciding with the main scale divisions ( n) Least count (LC) = 0.1 mm = 0.01 cm Suppose zero error is = 0.7 cm which is a positive error so: Zero correction ( ZC ) = -0.07 cm No of Obs Take at least two readings by inserting the cylinder cross-section-wise between the jaws and get the average diameter.Apply zero correction to obtain the correct diameter.Add the values ‘M ‘ and ‘X ‘ to the observed value (Y) of diameter.Multiply this “n” with the least count and calculate the value of fraction (x) which is to be added in the main scale reading.Note the vernier division (n) which exactly coincides with any one division of the main scale.Record this value as the main scale reading (M).Note the main scale division which is either coinciding or is on the left of the vernier scale zero.Hold the cylinder between the two jaws of the vernier caliper.Close the jaws to check the Zero error and calculate the zero correction. The image at the right shows a linear scale. This is the division tick mark that lines up best with a mark on the main scale. Read the secondary scale (Vernier) measurement. Repeat the above method as well as record at the very least three readings with the solid cylinder displaced or rotated each time. Add zero correction (Z.C) to get the right measurement. This is equal to the diameter of the solid cylinder. Look for the last whole increment visible before the 0 (zero) mark. Multiply it by the least count of Vernier Calipers as well as include it in the main scale reading. We can learn about the use of V.C with the help of an example by measuring the area of the cross-section of a solid cylinder by measuring its diameter with a Vernier caliper. Follow these steps to read the vernier scale: Read the main scale. Read also: Types of errors in physics How to read a vernier caliper? This means that if you have a reading on a scale of 0.5, you would have to divide that reading by 2 to get to the next smallest scale. For example, if the LC is 1.0, then the formula is: LC 1/2. Since the zero error is positive, the zero correction will be negative. Multiply it by the least count of Vernier Calipers as well as include it in the main scale reading. LC of vernier calliper is the difference between the smallest main scale reading and the smallest vernier scale reading of a given scale division. Positive zero error If the zero of the Vernier scale is to the right of the zero of the main scale then the error is positive. Since the zero error is negative, the zero correction will be positive. Negative Zero Error If the zero of the Vernier scale is to the left of the zero of the main scale then the error is negative. Otherwise, the instrument has an error called zero error. When the jaws of Vernier calipers are brought into contact, the zero of the Vernier must coincide with the zero of the main scale. L.C = 1 mm – 0.9 mm =0.1 mm There is another method to find the least count which is given as: Least count of vernier caliper formula It is the difference between one main scale division which is 1 mm and one vernier division which is (0.9).
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